This branch of neuroscience focuses on understanding how the brain processes information through the intricate networks of neurons and circuits. It aims to uncover the underlying mechanisms that govern complex brain functions such as perception, memory, decision-making, and behavior.

The field explores the organization and connectivity of neural circuits within different brain regions as well as the interaction between these circuits. Researchers use a variety of techniques including anatomical tracing, electrophysiology, imaging and optogenetics to investigate how different brain regions communicate and coordinate their activities.